European Space Security Forum 2026

Why it matters

The security of space is paramount in the contemporary geopolitical environment, as nations increasingly rely on satellites for critical infrastructure, defense, and economic activities. Disruptions to space systems, whether intentional or accidental, can have far-reaching consequences, impacting everything from daily life to international stability. This forum directly addresses these vulnerabilities, bringing together key actors to strategize on resilience and deterrence in space.

The discussions at the European Space Security Forum are crucial for understanding the intricate web of state and non-state actors operating in space, as well as the dual-use nature of many space technologies. The event provides a venue for examining how technological advancements, such as the proliferation of small satellites and anti-satellite weapons, are reshaping the security paradigm. By facilitating expert exchange, the forum contributes to a more informed and coordinated international response to these challenges.

Furthermore, the forum's focus extends to the development of international norms and legal frameworks for responsible behavior in space. As the number of space-faring nations grows, the need for clear guidelines to prevent conflict and ensure the long-term sustainability of space activities becomes ever more pressing. The outcomes of such discussions can influence policy decisions and diplomatic efforts aimed at preserving space as a peaceful domain for all.

How to prepare

To effectively engage with the European Space Security Forum, delegates should undertake thorough preparation, beginning with a comprehensive understanding of the current geopolitical landscape of space. This includes familiarizing oneself with the major space powers, emerging actors, and the strategic interests each holds in outer space. A review of recent incidents or developments related to space security, such as satellite interference or debris concerns, would also be beneficial.

Delegates should also consider the diverse perspectives of various stakeholders, including governmental bodies, private industry, and academic institutions. Understanding their respective priorities and concerns, as outlined in the What Is Stakeholder Mapping? and Stakeholder Mapping Workshop lessons, will enable more nuanced and productive discussions. Identifying potential Hidden Stakeholders whose interests might not be immediately apparent is also a valuable exercise.

Finally, preparation should involve considering potential Engagement Strategies for influencing policy and fostering international cooperation. This could include preparing specific proposals for arms control in space, advocating for enhanced transparency measures, or suggesting collaborative research initiatives on space debris mitigation. A Dynamic Analysis of how different policy choices might impact future space security scenarios would also be highly advantageous.

Country perspectives

Where the most-relevant 7 countries stand on the core issues in play. Click through for the full country profile.

Belgium

As the host nation, BEL plays a key role in facilitating dialogue and consensus-building on space security within the European context.

Role in topic

BEL provides the venue for the forum in Brussels, underscoring its commitment to international cooperation and its strategic position within European diplomatic efforts on space policy. Its role is largely facilitative, aiming to bring together diverse viewpoints.

France

FRA is a leading European space power with significant military and civilian space assets, advocating for European strategic autonomy in space.

Role in topic

FRA is a major player in European space initiatives, investing heavily in both civilian and military space capabilities. It often champions a strong European stance on space security, emphasizing the need for independent access to space and robust defense against threats.

Germany

DEU is a key contributor to European space programs, focusing on the peaceful use of space and international cooperation for space traffic management.

Role in topic

DEU is a significant financial and technological contributor to European space efforts. While emphasizing the peaceful uses of space, DEU also recognizes the growing security challenges and supports international frameworks for space governance and debris mitigation.

Italy

ITA has a long history in space exploration and technology, contributing to European space defense and surveillance capabilities.

Role in topic

ITA possesses advanced capabilities in satellite technology and space operations. It actively participates in European defense and security initiatives related to space, contributing to surveillance and communication systems.

United Kingdom

GBR is a significant global space actor, focusing on commercial space growth, resilience, and international partnerships for space security.

Role in topic

GBR maintains a robust space sector with a focus on commercial applications and national security. It advocates for responsible behavior in space and seeks to strengthen international partnerships to address shared security concerns.

United States

USA is the world's foremost space power, driving advancements in space defense and advocating for norms of responsible behavior in space.

Role in topic

USA is a dominant force in space, with extensive military and civilian space infrastructure. It plays a leading role in developing space defense technologies and promoting international discussions on space norms and arms control.

Russia

RUS is a traditional space power with significant military space capabilities, often viewed as a key competitor and potential threat in space.

Role in topic

RUS possesses extensive space capabilities, including anti-satellite weapons, and is a major actor in the geopolitical dynamics of space. Its actions and policies are closely watched by other space-faring nations, particularly in the context of space security.

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Frequently asked questions

• What is the primary focus of the European Space Security Forum?

• Where is the European Space Security Forum held?

• Who typically attends the European Space Security Forum?