Diplomacy & Politics Glossary

Anthony Giddens proposed that social structures are both the medium and outcome of social practices, emphasizing the duality of structure and agency.

Friedrich Hayek’s idea that complex social orders arise naturally from individual actions without central planning.

Marx's theory that material economic conditions and class relations are the primary drivers of historical development and social change.

A political theory applying the concept of natural selection to societies, suggesting that stronger groups survive and dominate weaker ones, often used historically to justify inequality and imperialism.