Diplomacy & Politics Glossary

Algorithmic bias occurs when automated systems produce unfair results due to flawed data or design.

The extent to which the processes and criteria used by algorithms are open and understandable to users and regulators.

The process by which certain information, ideas, or misinformation gain increased visibility and influence through repeated sharing and emphasis across media channels.

The use of algorithms and artificial intelligence to identify and manage inappropriate or harmful content on digital platforms.

Private or informal communication channels used alongside official public communication to share information or opinions. Often occurs during live events like debates or conferences to influence or coordinate.

Content designed to attract attention and encourage clicks by using sensationalist or misleading headlines that do not accurately represent the content.

A group or organization that generates fake clicks or views to manipulate online metrics and popularity.

The study of the sequence of clicks or online actions a user takes, used to understand behavior and improve digital experiences.

The flattening of multiple social contexts into one online space, complicating communication and interpretation.

The trail of digital data a person leaves behind from online activities, which can be collected and analyzed without their explicit knowledge or consent.

A period of time during which a person refrains from using digital devices to reduce stress and improve focus.

The process by which false information spreads widely and rapidly, often through social media algorithms and user sharing.

An echo chamber is an environment where people only encounter information that reinforces their existing views.

A situation where beliefs are amplified by communication and repetition inside a closed system, limiting exposure to differing views.

A state where algorithms selectively show users information that aligns with their preferences, limiting exposure to diverse perspectives.

When algorithms or users fail to appropriately filter content, resulting in exposure to irrelevant, misleading, or harmful information.

Monitoring and sharing information from various sources without acting as an exclusive gatekeeper, typical in social media environments.

Communication that attacks or discriminates against a person or group based on attributes like race, religion, or ethnicity.

A process where individuals adopt beliefs or actions because others have done so, regardless of their own information.

Information echo occurs when repeated exposure to a message within a community reinforces beliefs regardless of accuracy.

People who avoid mainstream information channels due to distrust and seek alternative, often less reliable, sources.

The division of media audiences into smaller segments due to the proliferation of channels and platforms.

Advertisements designed to blend in with the content format of the platform, making them less distinguishable from editorial material.

Excluding or ignoring individuals or groups in social or media contexts to silence dissent.

Audience members actively contribute to news production by sharing information, opinions, or eyewitness accounts.

The impact of peers on an individual's opinions, beliefs, or behaviors, especially in social media contexts.

Responsibility of social media companies to manage content, protect users, and prevent harm.

Platform governance involves rules and policies social media platforms use to moderate content and behavior.

The policies and actions taken by online platforms to regulate user content and behavior to maintain community standards.

A growing division in opinions and beliefs caused by social influence and selective exposure to information.

Amplifying a message or piece of information, often through social media sharing, to increase its reach and impact.

The influence of others' actions or opinions on an individual's beliefs or behaviors.

A self-reinforcing cycle where users share content that brings in new users who then share it further.

False or misleading information that spreads rapidly through social media and online platforms.

Virality describes how quickly and widely content spreads through social networks.

The idea that information about someone is more credible when it cannot be manipulated by that person.