South Africa.

South Africa's foreign policy is anchored in pan-Africanism, multilateralism, and the legacy of the anti-apartheid struggle. The country positions itself as a champion of the Global South, using platforms like BRICS, the G20, the AU, and the Non-Aligned Movement to advocate for reformed global governance, particularly UN Security Council expansion to include Africa.

The ICJ genocide case against Israel represents the most significant expression of South Africa's post-apartheid solidarity diplomacy, framing Palestinian rights as continuous with the anti-apartheid movement. South Africa maintains a deliberately non-aligned posture in great-power competition, refusing to join Western sanctions against Russia over Ukraine while also not endorsing the invasion. Economic diplomacy focuses on attracting investment, promoting AfCFTA, and maintaining the country's position as Africa's financial and industrial hub.