Iraq
Republic of Iraq
Population
43.5M
GDP
$264.0B
Capital
Baghdad
Government
Federal parliamentary republic
At a Glance
Human Development
0.7
HDI (0-1)
Democracy
3.4
EIU (0-10)
Press Freedom
—
RSF score
Corruption
—
TI CPI (0-100)
Innovation
—
GII score
Happiness
—
WHR (0-10)
Iraq is an oil-rich nation at the heart of the Middle East, recovering from decades of conflict including the Iran-Iraq War, the Gulf War, the 2003 U.S. invasion, and the fight against ISIS. As a founding UN member, Iraq holds historical significance but its international standing has been shaped by these upheavals.
Post-2003 Iraq operates as a federal parliamentary republic with a constitutionally mandated power-sharing arrangement among Shia, Sunni, and Kurdish communities. The Kurdistan Region enjoys significant autonomy. Iraq sits atop the world's fifth-largest proven oil reserves, making it a critical OPEC producer, but faces persistent challenges of corruption, sectarian tension, and Iranian influence over its political system.
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As Iraq, emphasize sovereignty, reconstruction, and the fight against terrorism. Position yourself as a bridge between Iran and the Arab world, and between competing regional blocs.
Avoid being seen as a proxy for either Iran or the U.S. Advocate for post-conflict reconstruction funding and demining. On Kurdistan, defend territorial integrity while acknowledging federal autonomy. Coordinate with OPEC on energy issues. Push for stronger international norms against foreign intervention, drawing on Iraq's own painful experience.
Foreign Policy
Iraq's foreign policy is defined by a delicate balancing act between Iranian influence and U.S./Western partnerships. Baghdad seeks to position itself as a neutral mediator in regional disputes, hosting talks between Saudi Arabia and Iran. It maintains ties with both the Arab League and Iran-aligned actors. Key priorities include attracting reconstruction investment, maintaining territorial integrity (particularly regarding Kurdistan), and combating terrorism.