Timeline
25 June 1945
The Simla Conference of 1945 convened on at the Viceregal Lodge in Simla, the summer capital of British India, under the authority of Field Marshal Archibal…
14 June 1945
Its legal and political basis lay in the so-called Wavell Plan, which Wavell announced in a broadcast on after securing the assent of Leopold Amery, the Sec…
14 July 1945
Rather than proceed without League cooperation and risk discrediting the entire exercise, Wavell announced the breakdown of the conference on .
Positions at a glance
Indian National Congress
The mechanics of the Wavell Plan centred on reconstituting the Viceroy's Executive Council, the body that exercised executive authority under the Government of India Act 1935 and the residual powers of the Crown. Wavell proposed that, save for the Viceroy himself and the Commander-in-Chief, every member of the Council would be an Indian. The reconstituted Council would contain an equal number of Caste Hindus and Muslims, with additional places reserved for Sikhs, Scheduled Castes and other minorities. The Council would function under the existing 1935 Act framework, the Viceroy retaining his constitutional veto but undertaking to exercise it sparingly. To populate the Council, Wavell invited 21 Indian leaders to Simla and asked the principal parties — the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League — to submit lists of nominees from which he would select members, balancing communal representation.
All-India Muslim League
The mechanics of the Wavell Plan centred on reconstituting the Viceroy's Executive Council, the body that exercised executive authority under the Government of India Act 1935 and the residual powers of the Crown. Wavell proposed that, save for the Viceroy himself and the Commander-in-Chief, every member of the Council would be an Indian. The reconstituted Council would contain an equal number of Caste Hindus and Muslims, with additional places reserved for Sikhs, Scheduled Castes and other minorities. The Council would function under the existing 1935 Act framework, the Viceroy retaining his constitutional veto but undertaking to exercise it sparingly. To populate the Council, Wavell invited 21 Indian leaders to Simla and asked the principal parties — the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League — to submit lists of nominees from which he would select members, balancing communal representation.
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In July 1945, Muhammad Ali Jinnah's insistence that the Muslim League alone nominate all Muslim members of the Executive Council led Viceroy Wavell to declare the Simla Conference a failure on 14 July.
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