Secondary Speakers List

In Model UN procedure, committees often distinguish between a primary speakers list (used at the start of session to debate the order of topics on the agenda) and a secondary speakers list (opened once a specific topic has been adopted). The secondary list functions as the default mode of debate on that topic whenever the committee is not in a moderated or unmoderated caucus — when a caucus ends, debate automatically returns to the secondary speakers list.

Mechanically, delegates raise placards or send notes to the dais to be added. Speaking time is set by motion (commonly 60 or 90 seconds), and speakers may yield remaining time to another delegate, to questions, or to the chair. Because the list persists throughout debate on the topic, chairs typically keep a rolling queue and read the next several names aloud so delegates can prepare.

The secondary speakers list is procedurally important for two reasons. First, closure of debate under most rulebooks (including the widely used THIMUN and Harvard-style rules) requires that the list be exhausted or that a motion to close debate pass by a two-thirds vote — meaning a list that remains open can prevent premature voting on draft resolutions. Second, it gives delegates a guaranteed speaking opportunity that does not depend on winning recognition in a caucus, which matters for chairs evaluating individual performance for awards.

Not every conference uses the term. Some circuits (notably many North American collegiate conferences following NMUN-style rules) refer simply to "the speakers list" once the agenda is set, treating the primary/secondary distinction as implicit. Others, particularly THIMUN-style conferences, may dispense with a general speakers list entirely in favor of debate organized around draft resolutions. Delegates should always check the rules of procedure distributed by the conference secretariat before assuming a particular structure applies.