The International Court of Justice — Glossary

A principle concerning the fair allocation of resources and benefits within a society.

Protection granted to state officials from foreign jurisdiction for acts performed in their official capacity, distinct from personal immunity.

The principal judicial organ of the UN that settles legal disputes between states and gives advisory opinions.

The body of law governing the protection of refugees, [Asylum](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/asylum) seekers, and stateless persons under international treaties and customs.

A theory of justice emphasizing fairness and equality, advocating principles chosen behind a [Veil of Ignorance](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/veil-of-ignorance) to ensure impartiality.

Restorative justice focuses on repairing harm and restoring relationships through [Facilitated Dialogue](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/facilitated-dialogue) rather than punishment in conflict resolution.

The legal process by which one state replaces another in responsibility for the international relations of a territory. It affects treaties, debts, and rights associated with the territory.

The condition of individuals who are not recognized as citizens by any country, lacking legal nationality.

A set of principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures governing a specific international issue.

The WTO entity responsible for resolving trade disputes between member countries.