China's Political System — Glossary

A constitutional requirement that certain presidential appointments and treaties must be approved by the legislative body before taking effect.

A civil law system is a legal [Framework](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/framework) based on comprehensive written codes and statutes rather than judicial precedents.

Mao Zedong's campaign to enforce communism by removing capitalist and traditional elements in China.

Deng Xiaoping introduced market-oriented reforms in China, blending [Socialism](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/socialism) with capitalist practices to modernize the economy.

Mao Zedong initiated the [Cultural Revolution](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/cultural-revolution) to purge capitalist and traditional elements, mobilizing youth to reshape Chinese society.

Mao Zedong’s strategy of prolonged rural guerrilla warfare aimed at encircling cities and winning popular support.

A form of government where the executive branch is separate from the legislature, and the president is both head of state and government.

A government system where executive power is divided between a directly elected president and a prime minister accountable to the legislature.

Periods of heightened military tension between China and Taiwan, raising concerns over regional security.

Mao Zedong's campaign aimed at rapidly transforming China from an agrarian society to a socialist society through industrialization and collectivization.