The Anti-Apartheid Movement — Glossary

The ANC Youth League was a political organization that mobilized young South Africans against apartheid.

Desmond Tutu was a prominent anti-apartheid activist and Anglican bishop known for his moral leadership.

Restrictive measures imposed by states or international bodies to influence a target country's behavior without military action.

The Freedom Charter is a foundational document of the ANC that outlines the vision for a democratic South Africa.

Nelson Mandela was a key leader in the anti-apartheid movement and the first Black president of South Africa.

Oliver Tambo was a key leader of the ANC and played a significant role in the anti-apartheid struggle.

The Sharpeville Massacre was a pivotal event in 1960 where South African police opened fire on anti-apartheid protesters, killing 69 people.

The Soweto Uprising was a series of protests by students in 1976 against apartheid education policies.

Walter Sisulu was a key figure in the ANC and a mentor to [Nelson Mandela](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/nelson-mandela) in the anti-apartheid struggle.

Joe Slovo and Ruth First Wolpe's strategies for organized opposition to South Africa's apartheid regime through combined political and armed struggle.