--- title: "ICP2027 2027 — Cairo | Model Diplomat" description: "ICP2027 Human Rights, Dignity & Justice: Psychological Science, Practice, Policy, & Equity is a professional conference in Cairo, Egypt, Oct 16–20, 2027." url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/conferences/professional/icp2027-human-rights-dignity-justice-psychological-science-practice-policy-equity-2027" --- # ICP2027 Human Rights, Dignity & Justice: Psychological Science, Practice, Policy, & Equity Oct 16–20, 2027[Cairo, Egypt](https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1\&query=Cairo%2C%20Egypt)In-person [Registration open](https://icpweb.org/icp-annual-conference/icp2027/) The ICP2027 conference, themed "Human Rights, Dignity & Justice: Psychological Science, Practice, Policy, & Equity," will convene in Cairo, Egypt. This event focuses on the intersection of psychological science with critical issues of human rights, dignity, justice, and equity. The conference aims to explore how psychological principles can be applied to address global challenges related to these themes. ## Committees & topics - Topics The Global Human Rights Framework: From the UDHR to Contemporary Challenges · Human Dignity as the Foundation of Rights and Policy · Justice: Accountability, Reparations, and the Rule of Law · Psychological Science in the Service of Human Rights and Public Policy · Equity in Health, Opportunity, and Social Outcomes · Environmental Justice and the Right to a Healthy Environment · Accessibility and Inclusion: Implementing the Rights of Persons with Disabilities · Gender, Diversity, and Intersectional Human Rights ## Why it matters In an increasingly interconnected world, understanding the psychological underpinnings of human rights, dignity, and justice is paramount. This conference provides a vital platform for examining how psychological science can contribute to the development of effective policies and practices that promote equity and uphold human dignity globally. The discussions will likely delve into the role of psychology in conflict resolution, trauma recovery, and the promotion of inclusive societies. The focus on policy and equity underscores the practical application of psychological research. By bringing together diverse perspectives, the conference seeks to bridge the gap between academic understanding and real-world impact. The outcomes of such gatherings can influence international dialogue and contribute to more humane and just societies. ## How to prepare Delegates preparing for this conference should consider how psychological frameworks can be applied to specific human rights challenges. A thorough understanding of concepts like the psychology of prejudice, resilience in adverse conditions, and the impact of systemic inequalities will be beneficial. Reviewing case studies where psychological interventions have successfully addressed issues of dignity and justice would also be valuable. Furthermore, participants should be prepared to engage in discussions about the ethical implications of applying psychological science in diverse cultural contexts. Understanding the nuances of cultural sensitivity and the potential for unintended consequences is crucial. Familiarity with the principles of \[Engagement Strategies](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/engagement-strategies)\ and \Dynamic Analysis\ will aid in contributing meaningfully to the dialogue. ## Country perspectives Where the most-relevant 4 countries stand on the core issues in play. Click through for the full country profile. [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Host nation with a significant role in regional human rights discussions.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Role in topic](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [As the host country, EGY provides a crucial regional context for discussions on human rights, dignity, and justice, particularly concerning issues prevalent in the Middle East and North Africa. Its historical and cultural significance offers a unique backdrop for exploring the psychological dimensions of these topics.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Major contributor to psychological research and human rights advocacy.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Role in topic](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [The USA is a leading nation in psychological research and has a long history of human rights advocacy. Its delegates will likely contribute insights from extensive academic studies and practical applications of psychological science in addressing human rights challenges, both domestically and internationally.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Hub for international organizations and humanitarian efforts.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Role in topic](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [CHE, with its role as a hub for numerous international organizations, often plays a significant part in humanitarian efforts and the protection of human rights. Its perspective will likely emphasize the importance of international cooperation and the psychological support needed in conflict and post-conflict settings.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Nation with a history of addressing systemic injustice.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Role in topic](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [ZAF's historical experience with overcoming systemic injustice provides a powerful narrative for discussions on dignity, justice, and equity. Delegates from ZAF can offer valuable insights into the psychological processes of reconciliation, social healing, and the long-term impact of discrimination.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) ## Topics & background The background behind each topic and the actors that shape it. 1 ### The Global Human Rights Framework: From the UDHR to Contemporary Challenges The modern human rights system was built in the aftermath of the Second World War, when the scale of atrocities committed by Axis powers prompted the United Nations to adopt the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. The UDHR was followed by the two binding 1966 Covenants — the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights — which together with the UDHR form the International Bill of Human Rights. Regional systems in Europe, the Americas, and Africa, along with treaty bodies and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) established in 1993, expanded the architecture for monitoring and enforcement. The core dispute today concerns the universality, indivisibility, and enforceability of these rights. Some states emphasize civil and political liberties, others prioritize economic and social rights or invoke cultural relativism and non-interference in domestic affairs. The Human Rights Council's Universal Periodic Review (UPR), created in 2006, was meant to depoliticize scrutiny, but selective application, geopolitical bloc voting, and the absence of binding enforcement remain persistent criticisms. Current flashpoints — including the conduct of armed conflicts in Ukraine, Gaza, and Sudan, the treatment of minorities such as the Uyghurs and Rohingya, and the rollback of rights in several democracies — illustrate the gap between normative commitments and practice. Debate increasingly centers on how to adapt the framework to new threats, including digital surveillance, generative AI, and climate-driven displacement, while preserving the foundational principle that rights inhere in every person. Key players - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Leading liberal-democratic proponent of civil and political rights; selectively engages with UN human rights mechanisms.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [China](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/china) [Promotes a state-sovereignty-centered, development-first interpretation of rights and resists external scrutiny.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/china) - [Russia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/russia) [Challenges Western-led human rights enforcement and has been suspended from the Human Rights Council in 2022.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/russia) - [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Hosts the OHCHR and Human Rights Council in Geneva and convenes diplomatic dialogue on norms.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) - [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Influential voice for Global South perspectives, economic rights, and accountability in international courts.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) 2 ### Human Dignity as the Foundation of Rights and Policy Human dignity is the conceptual cornerstone of the post-1945 rights order. The UDHR's preamble affirms the 'inherent dignity' of all members of the human family, and dignity is explicitly enshrined in the German Basic Law (Article 1), the South African Constitution, and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. Philosophically rooted in Kantian ethics and in religious and humanist traditions across cultures, dignity functions both as a foundational value and as a justiciable legal norm in many jurisdictions. The core disputes around dignity are interpretive. Does dignity require protection from degrading treatment alone, or does it impose positive obligations such as adequate housing, healthcare, and social inclusion? Bioethics debates — on end-of-life care, reproductive rights, and emerging neurotechnologies — frequently turn on competing dignity claims. Detention conditions, treatment of migrants, and the use of solitary confinement have all been adjudicated under dignity standards by bodies including the European Court of Human Rights and the UN Committee Against Torture. Today, dignity is being invoked in new domains: protection from algorithmic dehumanization, AI-generated deepfakes and non-consensual imagery, workplace surveillance, and the treatment of asylum seekers in offshore processing. The challenge for policymakers is to translate an abstract principle into operational standards that hold across cultures, legal systems, and rapidly evolving technologies. Key players - [Germany](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [Constitutional jurisprudence centered on inviolable human dignity sets a global benchmark.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) - [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Post-apartheid Constitutional Court has produced influential dignity-based rulings on socioeconomic rights.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [Promotes dignity as a public-order value, including in bioethics and counter-discrimination law.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Treats dignity largely through liberty and equal protection doctrines rather than as a freestanding right.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [Japan](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/japan) [Reflects dignity in elder-care, disability, and post-disaster policy frameworks.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/japan) 3 ### Justice: Accountability, Reparations, and the Rule of Law Justice as an international concern crystallized with the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals after 1945 and was institutionalized through the ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda in the 1990s. The 1998 Rome Statute established the International Criminal Court (ICC) as a permanent venue for prosecuting genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Parallel developments include transitional justice mechanisms — truth commissions, lustration, and reparations — pioneered in South Africa, Argentina, Colombia, and elsewhere. The central disputes involve selectivity, jurisdiction, and enforcement. Major powers including the United States, China, Russia, and India have not ratified the Rome Statute, and ICC arrest warrants — most recently against Russian and Israeli leaders — have exposed political fault lines and uneven cooperation. Domestically, debates over criminal-legal reform, policing, mass incarceration, and access to counsel raise parallel questions about who receives justice and on what terms. Reparative justice has gained renewed prominence: CARICOM's reparations agenda for transatlantic slavery, calls for restitution of colonial-era cultural property, and reparations to victims of apartheid, the Holocaust, and conflict-related sexual violence are all active policy questions. The unifying challenge is to align legal accountability with substantive remedy for those harmed, while sustaining the legitimacy of institutions that depend on state cooperation. Key players - [Netherlands](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/netherlands) [Hosts the ICC, ICJ, and other international tribunals in The Hague.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/netherlands) - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Non-party to the Rome Statute; supports selective accountability but resists ICC jurisdiction over its nationals and allies.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [Russia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/russia) [Withdrew its Rome Statute signature; subject of an ICC arrest warrant related to Ukraine.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/russia) - [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Leading voice on transitional justice models and on ICJ proceedings invoking the Genocide Convention.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) - [Colombia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/colombia) [Operates one of the most ambitious transitional justice systems (JEP) following its 2016 peace accord.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/colombia) 4 ### Psychological Science in the Service of Human Rights and Public Policy Psychology's relationship with human rights has been double-edged. The discipline has provided foundational research on prejudice, authority, trauma, and child development that informed landmark policies — from Brown v. Board of Education in the United States to UN guidelines on torture rehabilitation and refugee mental health. At the same time, psychologists have been implicated in abuses, most notably in the design of post-9/11 interrogation programs, prompting the 2015 Hoffman Report and subsequent APA reforms. The core contemporary questions concern how psychological science should inform — and be constrained by — policy. Evidence on adolescent brain development has reshaped juvenile justice; research on implicit bias and eyewitness reliability has influenced policing reform; and trauma-informed frameworks shape responses to gender-based violence and displacement. Yet replication concerns, the dominance of WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) samples, and unequal global research capacity raise questions about whose psychology gets translated into global standards. Major international initiatives — the WHO Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2030, the Lancet Commission on Global Mental Health, and UN guidance on mental health in humanitarian settings — now frame mental health as a human rights issue. Debates continue over involuntary treatment under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the regulation of digital mental health tools, and the ethical obligations of psychologists working with detainees, refugees, and conflict-affected populations. Key players - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Largest producer of psychological research and home to the American Psychological Association; central to debates on professional ethics.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Leading contributor to global mental health research and to evidence-based policy frameworks (NICE, Wellcome).](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Hosts WHO, which sets global mental health norms and humanitarian guidelines.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) - [Brazil](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) [Operates a large public mental health system aligned with deinstitutionalization and community care.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) - [India](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) [Major site of global mental health implementation research and home to a sizable share of the global treatment gap.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) 5 ### Equity in Health, Opportunity, and Social Outcomes Equity — distinct from formal equality — concerns the fair distribution of resources, opportunities, and outcomes, accounting for differences in need and historical disadvantage. The concept underpins the WHO's Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2008), the Sustainable Development Goals' pledge to 'leave no one behind,' and CEDAW's framework of substantive equality. Equity analysis exposes how outcomes in health, education, income, and justice diverge along lines of race, gender, disability, geography, and class. The central disputes are about both measurement and means. Defining equity baselines, collecting disaggregated data, and choosing between universal and targeted policies are politically contested. The COVID-19 pandemic sharpened these debates: vaccine access disparities between high- and low-income countries, divergent excess mortality rates within societies, and the uneven economic recovery exposed structural inequities that pre-existed the crisis. Current policy debates include progressive taxation and global minimum corporate tax, affirmative action and its judicial rollback in several jurisdictions, equitable access to AI and digital infrastructure, and pandemic preparedness financing. Equity is also central to climate negotiations, where common but differentiated responsibilities frame disputes over loss and damage and just transition funding. Key players - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Major site of contested affirmative action and health equity debates; influential global health donor.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Hosts WHO and the World Economic Forum, central to global equity standard-setting.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) - [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Post-apartheid policies on redress and equity in education, employment, and health are globally referenced.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) - [Brazil](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) [Pioneered conditional cash transfer (Bolsa Família) and universal health coverage (SUS) as equity instruments.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) - [Norway](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/norway) [Long-standing donor and policy advocate for global health equity, gender equality, and inclusive development.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/norway) 6 ### Environmental Justice and the Right to a Healthy Environment Environmental justice emerged as a movement in the United States in the 1980s, when studies — notably the 1987 'Toxic Wastes and Race' report — documented that hazardous facilities were disproportionately sited in communities of color and low-income areas. The principles articulated at the 1991 First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit have since shaped global discourse on the unequal distribution of environmental harms and benefits. At the international level, the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment was recognized by the UN Human Rights Council in 2021 and the General Assembly in Resolution 76/300 (2022). This right intersects with climate justice claims advanced by small island states facing existential sea-level rise, Indigenous peoples defending land and water, and frontline communities exposed to extractive industries and pollution. The 2022 Loss and Damage Fund agreed at COP27 represents a partial response to historical responsibility for emissions. Key disputes concern enforcement, financing, and accountability of corporate and state actors. Cases before the International Court of Justice (advisory opinion on climate obligations), the European Court of Human Rights (KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland, 2024), and domestic courts are reshaping the legal landscape. Mental health and psychosocial impacts of climate change — eco-anxiety, displacement trauma, and cultural loss — are increasingly recognized as part of the environmental justice agenda. Key players - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Historic origin of environmental justice movement; large emitter with uneven domestic enforcement.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [China](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/china) [World's largest current emitter and leading manufacturer of clean energy technologies.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/china) - [Brazil](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) [Steward of the Amazon and influential voice on Indigenous-led environmental governance.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) - [Vanuatu](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/vanuatu) [Led the UN General Assembly initiative for an ICJ advisory opinion on climate obligations.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/vanuatu) - [Germany](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [Major climate finance contributor and site of landmark constitutional climate jurisprudence.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) - [Nigeria](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/nigeria) [Faces severe oil-related environmental harm in the Niger Delta and shapes African Group climate positions.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/nigeria) 7 ### Accessibility and Inclusion: Implementing the Rights of Persons with Disabilities The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), adopted in 2006 and now ratified by more than 190 states, marked a paradigm shift from a medical or charity model of disability to a human rights and social model. The CRPD obliges states to ensure accessibility (Article 9), equal recognition before the law (Article 12), independent living (Article 19), and participation in political and public life. Roughly 1.3 billion people — about 16 percent of the world's population, per WHO — live with a significant disability. The core disputes turn on implementation. Article 12 has prompted contested reforms to substitute supported decision-making for guardianship; Article 14 challenges psychiatric detention regimes; and Article 24 requires inclusive education that many systems have struggled to deliver. Accessibility of the built environment, transportation, digital services, and information remains uneven, with the digital divide compounding exclusion as services move online. Reasonable accommodation duties are increasingly tested in employment, education, and AI-mediated decision-making. Intersectional concerns are prominent: women and girls with disabilities face elevated rates of violence; Indigenous, refugee, and LGBTQ+ persons with disabilities encounter compounded barriers; and conflicts in Ukraine, Gaza, and Sudan have demonstrated the heightened risk to persons with disabilities in humanitarian crises. The UN Disability Inclusion Strategy (2019) is the principal vehicle for mainstreaming accessibility across the UN system. Key players - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) is a foundational accessibility law; not a party to the CRPD.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Equality Act 2010 and active CRPD engagement; subject to a 2016 CRPD inquiry on austerity impacts.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [Sweden](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/sweden) [Influential model of personal assistance and independent living policy.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/sweden) - [Kenya](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kenya) [African leader in disability rights legislation and inclusive education reform.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kenya) - [New Zealand](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/new-zealand) [Co-led CRPD negotiation; pioneer of accessible public services and sign language recognition.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/new-zealand) - [Japan](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/japan) [Aging society driving large-scale accessibility investment and assistive technology development.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/japan) 8 ### Gender, Diversity, and Intersectional Human Rights International protection of gender-based rights has developed through CEDAW (1979), the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995), the Yogyakarta Principles on sexual orientation and gender identity (2006, updated 2017), and Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) on women, peace, and security. The concept of intersectionality — articulated by Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989 and increasingly used in UN treaty bodies — recognizes that gender interacts with race, class, disability, migration status, and sexuality to produce distinct experiences of discrimination. The field is marked by sharp political contestation. Reproductive rights have advanced in some jurisdictions (Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, Ireland) while contracting in others, including the 2022 reversal of Roe v. Wade in the United States. The treatment of LGBTQ+ persons varies starkly: roughly 60 states criminalize same-sex conduct, even as marriage equality has expanded in the Americas, Europe, and parts of Asia. Trans rights, conversion practices, and gender-affirming care are subjects of intense policy and judicial debate. Gender-based violence remains pervasive, and conflict-related sexual violence is documented in Ukraine, Sudan, Tigray, and Gaza. Intersectional frameworks are increasingly central to UN and regional mechanisms — the Independent Expert on SOGI, the CEDAW Committee's General Recommendation No. 28, and the Inter-American Court's jurisprudence among them. Debates continue over the inclusion of men and boys, the role of religious and cultural frameworks, data disaggregation, and the backlash against 'gender ideology' invoked by some states to resist international standards. Key players - [Argentina](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/argentina) [Pioneer of trans rights legislation and recent leader on legal abortion in Latin America.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/argentina) - [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [First constitution to explicitly prohibit sexual orientation discrimination; influential intersectional jurisprudence.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) - [Sweden](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/sweden) [Pursued an explicitly feminist foreign policy (2014–2022) and supports SRHR globally.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/sweden) - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Polarized domestic landscape on reproductive and LGBTQ+ rights shapes global funding and norms.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [Uganda](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/uganda) [2023 Anti-Homosexuality Act exemplifies escalating criminalization debated in UN forums.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/uganda) - [Iran](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/iran) [Mahsa Amini protests since 2022 spotlighted state enforcement of gender norms and women's rights.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/iran) ## Resources News, lessons, and country profiles to prep for ICP2027 Human Rights, Dignity & Justice: Psychological Science, Practice, Policy, & Equity. Recent reporting to ground your prep [India's 131st Amendment Bill](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/indias-131st-amendment-bill-womens-reservation-for-2029-elections) [Supreme Court's Voting Rights Impact on 2026](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/supreme-courts-voting-rights-ruling-reshapes-2026-elections) [Trump's Federal Election Strategy](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/trumps-federal-election-strategy-control-before-2026-midterms) [Supreme Court VRA Ruling Empowers GOP 2026](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/supreme-courts-vra-ruling-boosts-gop-strategy-for-2026) Lessons Bite-sized lessons to build the basics [Gender Dynamics Across Cultures](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/gender-dynamics-across-cultures) [Hidden Stakeholders](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/hidden-stakeholders) [Engagement Strategies](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/engagement-strategies) [Dynamic Analysis](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/dynamic-analysis) Courses Guided courses that go deeper on the topic [Advanced Negotiation](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/advanced-negotiation) [Multilateral Negotiation](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/multilateral-negotiation) [Policy Brief Writing](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/policy-brief) [Conflict Resolution](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/conflict-resolution) The states in play, with the data that shapes their stance [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [China](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/china) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/china) [Russia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/russia) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/russia) [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [South Africa](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/south-africa) [Germany](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [Japan](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/japan) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/japan) [Netherlands](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/netherlands) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/netherlands) [Colombia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/colombia) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/colombia) [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Brazil](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/brazil) [India](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) [Norway](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/norway) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/norway) [Vanuatu](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/vanuatu) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/vanuatu) [Nigeria](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/nigeria) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/nigeria) [Sweden](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/sweden) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/sweden) [Kenya](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kenya) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kenya) [New Zealand](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/new-zealand) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/new-zealand) [Argentina](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/argentina) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/argentina) [Uganda](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/uganda) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/uganda) [Iran](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/iran) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/iran) ## Frequently asked questions - - - Free account Save conferences, research any topic with AI, build position papers, and keep your daily prep streak — free. 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