--- title: "ICC 2027 — Abu Dhabi | Model Diplomat" description: "15th ICC MENA Conference on International Arbitration is a professional conference in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Apr 14–15, 2027." url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/conferences/professional/15th-icc-mena-conference-on-international-arbitration-2027" --- # 15th ICC MENA Conference on International Arbitration Apr 14–15, 2027[Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates](https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1\&query=Abu%20Dhabi%2C%20United%20Arab%20Emirates)In-person [Registration open](https://2go.iccwbo.org/icc-mena-conference-on-international-arbitration.html) The 15th ICC MENA Conference on International Arbitration is a pivotal event for professionals engaged in international dispute resolution across the Middle East and North Africa. Hosted in Abu Dhabi, ARE, this conference serves as a crucial platform for discussing contemporary issues and advancements in arbitration practice, reflecting the region's growing importance in global commerce and legal frameworks. Participants will engage with leading experts to explore the evolving landscape of international arbitration. ## Committees & topics - Topics International Arbitration as a Forum for Cross-Border Dispute Resolution · Arbitrator and Counsel Ethics · Bridging the Common Law and Civil Law Divide in Arbitration · Drafting Prayers for Relief in International Arbitration · Confidentiality in International Arbitration · Gender Barriers to Expertise in Construction Arbitration · The ICC's Expedited Procedure Provisions · Joint Ventures in the MENA Region ## Why it matters International [arbitration](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/arbitration) is a cornerstone of global trade and investment, providing a structured mechanism for resolving disputes outside traditional court systems. The continued development and refinement of arbitration practices are essential for fostering a stable and predictable environment for businesses operating across borders. This conference, situated in a key economic hub, directly addresses these needs by bringing together legal practitioners, academics, and policymakers. The focus on the MENA region highlights its strategic significance in the global economy. As countries in this region continue to diversify their economies and attract foreign investment, robust and reliable dispute resolution mechanisms become increasingly vital. The discussions at this conference will therefore contribute to strengthening the legal infrastructure necessary for sustained economic growth and international cooperation in the region. Furthermore, the event facilitates knowledge exchange and networking among a diverse group of stakeholders. This interaction is critical for identifying best practices, addressing emerging challenges, and promoting a harmonized approach to international arbitration that respects both global standards and regional specificities. By fostering such dialogue, the conference helps to ensure that arbitration remains an effective and trusted method for resolving complex international disputes. ## How to prepare To effectively engage with the themes of the 15th ICC MENA Conference on International [Arbitration](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/arbitration), delegates should undertake a comprehensive review of current trends in international arbitration, particularly those impacting the MENA region. This includes understanding recent developments in arbitral institutions, procedural innovations, and the enforcement of arbitral awards. Familiarity with the legal frameworks governing arbitration in the host country, ARE, will also be highly beneficial. Delegates should consider how different national legal systems interact with international arbitration principles. Understanding the nuances of cross-cultural legal practices and the implications for dispute resolution is crucial. Reviewing concepts such as \Engagement Strategies\ and \Dynamic Analysis\ can provide a framework for understanding the complexities of international legal interactions and stakeholder interests. Preparing for this conference also involves considering the perspectives of various stakeholders involved in international arbitration, from corporate entities to state parties. An understanding of \What Is Stakeholder Mapping?\ and \[Hidden Stakeholders](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/hidden-stakeholders)\ can help anticipate different viewpoints and potential areas of discussion. This holistic preparation will enable participants to contribute meaningfully to the discourse and derive maximum value from the conference's insights. ## Country perspectives Where the most-relevant 1 countries stand on the core issues in play. Click through for the full country profile. [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [A leading regional hub for international arbitration, actively promoting its use for commercial dispute resolution.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [Role in topic](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [The ARE serves as the host nation for this significant conference, underscoring its commitment to fostering a robust environment for international arbitration. The country has made substantial efforts to modernize its arbitration laws and establish world-class arbitral institutions, positioning itself as a preferred seat for international disputes in the MENA region. Its strategic location and economic dynamism further enhance its role in this field.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) ## Topics & background The background behind each topic and the actors that shape it. 1 ### International Arbitration as a Forum for Cross-Border Dispute Resolution International arbitration emerged in its modern form in the early twentieth century as states and merchants sought a neutral, enforceable alternative to litigating cross-border disputes in foreign national courts. The 1923 Geneva Protocol on Arbitration Clauses and the 1927 Geneva Convention on the Execution of Foreign Arbitral Awards provided early multilateral foundations, but the field was transformed by the 1958 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, now ratified by over 170 states, which gave arbitral awards near-universal enforceability. Institutions such as the ICC International Court of Arbitration (founded 1923), the LCIA, SIAC, HKIAC, and DIAC have since built rule frameworks that compete for caseload. The MENA region has become an increasingly important arbitration market, driven by energy, construction, and infrastructure disputes. Regional hubs in Dubai (DIAC, and formerly DIFC-LCIA), Abu Dhabi (ADGM, ICC representative office in Abu Dhabi), Riyadh (SCCA), and Cairo (CRCICA) compete to attract caseload, while the 2021 abolition of DIFC-LCIA and consolidation into DIAC reshaped the Gulf arbitration landscape. Today the field debates the balance between party autonomy and procedural efficiency, the role of third-party funding, the use of technology and virtual hearings, and the legitimacy of investor-state dispute settlement amid sovereign pushback. Key players - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [Seat of the ICC International Court of Arbitration in Paris and a leading civil-law arbitration jurisdiction.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Home to the LCIA and a dominant common-law seat through London.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [Leading MENA arbitration hub through DIAC, DIFC, and ADGM frameworks.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Saudi Arabia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) [Rapidly expanding seat via the Saudi Center for Commercial Arbitration and reformed enforcement regime.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) - [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Hosts CRCICA, one of the oldest and busiest arbitral institutions in the Arab world.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) - [Singapore](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) [Major Asian seat through SIAC, frequently chosen by MENA parties for neutrality.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) 2 ### Arbitrator and Counsel Ethics Ethics in international arbitration sit at the intersection of overlapping professional regimes: the bar rules of counsel's home jurisdiction, the bar rules of the seat, institutional rules, and soft-law instruments. The IBA Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest in International Arbitration (2004, revised 2014 and 2024) and the IBA Guidelines on Party Representation (2013) attempted to fill this gap, but they are not binding unless adopted by the parties or tribunal. Repeated controversies — including challenges based on arbitrators' repeat appointments, undisclosed law-firm relationships, and 'issue conflicts' arising from prior writings — have eroded confidence and prompted institutions including the ICC to require expanded disclosures. For counsel, the dispute centers on 'guerrilla tactics': document destruction, witness coaching, last-minute counsel changes designed to conflict out arbitrators, and aggressive use of social media or parallel proceedings. The absence of a unified disciplinary forum means tribunals must police conduct themselves, often through cost sanctions or adverse inferences. In the MENA context, additional layers arise from Sharia-influenced ethical standards, local bar admission requirements, and recent regulatory moves in the UAE and Saudi Arabia to professionalize arbitrator conduct. The debate today is whether a binding transnational code is feasible, or whether institutional rules and tribunal-level enforcement remain the realistic ceiling. Key players - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [ICC institutional rules and Paris case law set influential disclosure standards.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Swiss seat practice and the IBA's Swiss-influenced ethics work shape global norms.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [English courts have produced leading authority on apparent bias (Halliburton v Chubb).](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [DIAC and ADGM rules are tightening arbitrator conduct and disclosure obligations regionally.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [ABA ethics rules and US-style discovery culture drive much of the 'guerrilla tactics' debate.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) 3 ### Bridging the Common Law and Civil Law Divide in Arbitration International arbitration is often described as a hybrid procedure that blends common-law and civil-law traditions, but in practice tribunals must constantly reconcile divergent expectations. Common-law systems, rooted in English and US practice, emphasize broad documentary disclosure, extensive cross-examination, oral advocacy, and adversarial fact development. Civil-law systems, dominant across continental Europe, Latin America, and much of the MENA region, rely on narrower document production, judge-led inquiry, written submissions, and a more limited role for witness testimony. When parties from these traditions meet before a mixed-tradition tribunal, disputes arise over the scope of disclosure, the use of expert witnesses, privilege, and the weight of oral hearings. Soft-law instruments — particularly the IBA Rules on the Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration (1999, revised 2010 and 2020) and the more civil-law-leaning Prague Rules (2018) — have tried to mediate this divide. The MENA region adds further complexity because many domestic laws are codified civil-law systems influenced by French or Egyptian models, while DIFC and ADGM operate as common-law enclaves applying English-style procedure. Today the debate is less about which tradition prevails and more about how tribunals can design proportionate, case-specific procedures that draw from both without producing procedural unfairness or inflated costs. Key players - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Principal exporter of common-law arbitral procedure and English-language advocacy.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [Anchor of the civil-law tradition and home of the ICC, shaping continental procedure.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Drives expansive discovery expectations and Section 1782-style evidence gathering.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Egyptian civil code influences arbitration laws across much of the Arab world.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [DIFC and ADGM common-law courts coexist with onshore civil-law arbitration regime.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Germany](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [Key proponent of the civil-law-oriented Prague Rules and inquisitorial procedure.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) 4 ### Drafting Prayers for Relief in International Arbitration The prayer for relief — the specific statement of what a party asks the tribunal to order — is the operative core of any arbitral submission, defining the tribunal's jurisdiction ratione materiae and ultimately framing the dispositif of the award. Poorly drafted relief can lead to awards being challenged for ultra petita (exceeding what was requested) or infra petita (failing to address requested relief), both grounds for annulment under Article V of the New York Convention and most national arbitration laws, including the UAE Federal Arbitration Law and Egyptian Arbitration Act. Recent enforcement decisions in France, Singapore, and the Gulf have underscored that imprecise or shifting relief requests can fatally undermine an otherwise meritorious claim. Drafting practice has evolved to address quantification of damages with interest, declaratory relief, specific performance, security for costs, and the recovery of legal fees — the last varying sharply across jurisdictions. In construction and energy arbitrations common in MENA, parties also grapple with relief tied to delay and disruption claims, variations, and termination remedies, where local mandatory rules may constrain what tribunals can award. The contemporary debate focuses on whether tribunals should actively engage parties to clarify relief during procedural conferences, and how to balance flexibility for amendment against the respondent's right to know the case it must meet. Key players - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [French annulment jurisprudence on ultra petita shapes drafting discipline globally.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [UAE courts have annulled awards on relief-related grounds, raising drafting stakes.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Egyptian Arbitration Act and Cairo court practice influence Arab-world drafting conventions.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [English-seated arbitrations set widely followed templates for damages and costs relief.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [Singapore](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) [Singapore courts' enforcement decisions guide cross-border drafting practice.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) 5 ### Confidentiality in International Arbitration Confidentiality has long been promoted as a defining advantage of arbitration over litigation, but its legal foundations are far less uniform than commonly assumed. Some jurisdictions, including England (Dolling-Baker v Merrett, Emmott v Michael Wilson) and Singapore, recognize an implied duty of confidentiality. Others, notably Australia (Esso v Plowman) and the United States, reject any general implied duty and require parties to contract for it. Institutional rules diverge as well: the LCIA Rules impose broad confidentiality obligations, while the ICC Rules do so only for tribunal deliberations and leave the rest to party agreement or tribunal order. The issue has become more pressing with the rise of investor-state arbitration, where transparency is increasingly demanded — reflected in the UNCITRAL Rules on Transparency (2014) and the Mauritius Convention (2017) — and with third-party funding, which raises disclosure tensions. In the MENA region, confidentiality interacts with state-secrets laws, criminal sanctions for unauthorized disclosure in some jurisdictions, and the public interest in disputes involving sovereign entities and major infrastructure projects. Delegates must weigh commercial privacy, due process, public accountability, and the practical reality that enforcement proceedings frequently expose award contents to public courts. Key players - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [English law's implied duty of confidentiality is the leading common-law model.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [Australia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/australia) [Esso v Plowman established the contrary position rejecting an implied duty.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/australia) - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [ICC Rules and French case law take an intermediate, party-driven approach.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [US courts generally decline to imply confidentiality and permit broad discovery under §1782.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [UAE laws impose criminal sanctions on certain disclosures, intensifying confidentiality concerns.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Singapore](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) [Singapore courts and SIAC rules reinforce a robust confidentiality regime in Asia.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) 6 ### Gender Barriers to Expertise in Construction Arbitration Construction arbitration has historically been one of the most male-dominated segments of international dispute resolution, reflecting wider gender imbalances in engineering, quantity surveying, and the construction professions from which tribunal members and expert witnesses are drawn. Although the Equal Representation in Arbitration Pledge, launched in 2015, has driven measurable gains in female arbitrator appointments — ICC reported that women constituted roughly 29% of arbitrator appointments by 2022 — progress has been markedly slower for delay, quantum, and technical experts in construction disputes, where the available pool remains skewed. In the MENA region, where construction and infrastructure disputes dominate caseloads at DIAC, ADCCAC, SCCA, and CRCICA, the gap is particularly visible. Structural barriers include limited site experience among women in regional construction labor markets, professional licensing constraints, and informal networks through which expert appointments are made. Recent initiatives — the Equal Representation for Expert Witnesses Pledge (2022), institutional reporting requirements, and mentorship programs by ArbitralWomen and regional bar associations — aim to widen the pipeline. The debate centers on whether voluntary pledges suffice, whether institutions should impose appointment quotas or transparency reports, and how to develop technical expertise pathways without compromising substantive qualification standards. Key players - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [Hosts the largest MENA construction caseload and leads regional diversity initiatives.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Saudi Arabia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) [Giga-projects under Vision 2030 are reshaping the regional expert market.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) - [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [London-based experts dominate construction arbitration globally; ERA Pledge originated here.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [ICC tracks and publishes gender data on arbitrator appointments, including in construction.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [CRCICA caseload and Egyptian engineering profession shape Arab-world expert supply.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) 7 ### The ICC's Expedited Procedure Provisions The ICC introduced its Expedited Procedure Provisions in the 2017 revision of the ICC Arbitration Rules, responding to persistent criticism that international arbitration had become slow and expensive. The provisions apply automatically to disputes below a monetary threshold — initially USD 2 million, raised to USD 3 million in the 2021 Rules for arbitration agreements concluded on or after 1 January 2021 — unless parties opt out, and may be applied above the threshold by party agreement. Key features include appointment of a sole arbitrator (even where the clause provides for three), a single procedural conference within 15 days of file transmission, a six-month time limit for the final award, and the tribunal's discretion to decide on documents only. The provisions have triggered jurisprudential debate, most notably in the Singapore Court of Appeal's 2022 decision in AQZ v ARA-style cases and the earlier Indian Supreme Court ruling on whether expedited procedures override express clauses requiring three arbitrators. Outcomes have diverged: Singapore upheld the institutional override, while some courts have treated it as inconsistent with party autonomy. For MENA users, expedited procedures intersect with local mandatory rules on arbitrator numbers and award deadlines. The contemporary debate concerns the appropriate threshold, due-process protections in compressed timelines, and whether expedited procedures should become the default for a wider range of disputes. Key players - [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [ICC headquarters in Paris; drafter and administrator of the Expedited Procedure Provisions.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) - [Singapore](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) [Singapore courts have upheld institutional expedited overrides, influencing global enforcement.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) - [India](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) [Indian Supreme Court rulings on expedited procedures have shaped party-autonomy debate.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [Heavy ICC caseload from the Gulf tests expedited procedure against UAE mandatory norms.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Swiss seat practice provides important comparative model on expedited arbitration.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) 8 ### Joint Ventures in the MENA Region Joint ventures have been a primary vehicle for foreign investment in the MENA region for decades, historically driven by foreign ownership restrictions that required local partners in sectors ranging from energy and construction to retail and professional services. The 'sponsor' or 'kafeel' model in the Gulf, the 49/51 ownership ceiling that once applied across most GCC states, and sector-specific local content requirements in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, and Oman all generated a distinctive joint venture practice — and a distinctive set of disputes. Common flashpoints include deadlock, profit-sharing in side agreements that conflict with registered shareholdings, non-compete obligations, exit and put/call mechanics, and the validity of nominee or 'fronting' arrangements that some courts have voided on public-policy grounds. The legal landscape is shifting rapidly. The UAE's 2021 reform permitting 100% foreign ownership in most onshore sectors, Saudi Arabia's regional headquarters program and updated Companies Law, and Qatar's selective liberalization have all reduced the structural necessity of local partners, but legacy joint ventures continue to generate disputes. Arbitration is the preferred forum, particularly under ICC, DIAC, and SCCA rules, with disputes often raising complex questions of corporate law, mandatory provisions of host-state company codes, and the enforceability of shareholders' agreements against company constitutions. Delegates must consider how arbitration practice adapts to a post-liberalization MENA where joint venture structures coexist with wholly foreign-owned vehicles. Key players - [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [Largest source of MENA joint venture disputes; recent ownership liberalization reshapes the field.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) - [Saudi Arabia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) [RHQ program and Vision 2030 drive new joint venture formations and disputes.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) - [Qatar](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/qatar) [Energy-sector joint ventures and selective foreign ownership rules generate complex arbitrations.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/qatar) - [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Civil-code framework and active joint venture market sustain a major CRCICA caseload.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) - [Kuwait](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kuwait) [Maintains traditional local-partner requirements, producing ongoing legacy disputes.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kuwait) - [Oman](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/oman) [Sector-specific local content rules continue to shape joint venture structuring.](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/oman) ## Resources News, lessons, and country profiles to prep for 15th ICC MENA Conference on International Arbitration. Recent reporting to ground your prep [India's 131st Amendment Bill](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/indias-131st-amendment-bill-womens-reservation-for-2029-elections) [India's 33% Women’s Quota in Lok Sabha 2029](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/india-proposes-33-womens-quota-in-expanded-lok-sabha-by-2029) [House Ethics Committee Pushes Sexual Miscond.](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/house-ethics-committees-bold-move-on-sexual-misconduct-transparency) [Congressional Ethics Failures](https://modeldiplomat.com/story/congressional-ethics-failures-resignations-and-accountability-issues) Lessons Bite-sized lessons to build the basics [Gender Dynamics Across Cultures](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/gender-dynamics-across-cultures) [Hidden Stakeholders](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/hidden-stakeholders) [Engagement Strategies](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/engagement-strategies) [Dynamic Analysis](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/lessons/dynamic-analysis) Courses Guided courses that go deeper on the topic [Advanced Negotiation](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/advanced-negotiation) [Multilateral Negotiation](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/multilateral-negotiation) [Policy Brief Writing](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/policy-brief) [Conflict Resolution](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/courses/conflict-resolution) The states in play, with the data that shapes their stance [United Arab Emirates](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-arab-emirates) [France](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/france) [United Kingdom](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-kingdom) [Saudi Arabia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/saudi-arabia) [Egypt](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/egypt) [Singapore](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/singapore) [Switzerland](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/switzerland) [United States](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/united-states) [Germany](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/germany) [Australia](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/australia) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/australia) [India](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/india) [Qatar](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/qatar) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/qatar) [Kuwait](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kuwait) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/kuwait) [Oman](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/oman) [Country dossier](https://modeldiplomat.com/country/oman) ## Frequently asked questions - - Free account Save conferences, research any topic with AI, build position papers, and keep your daily prep streak — free. 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