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Paste the clauses of your Model UN (MUN) working paper or draft resolution, one per line, in any order and with any punctuation. The formatter sorts preambulatory from operative clauses by their opening phrase, numbers and letters them, fixes the commas, semicolons and final period, and tells you what it couldn't work out. Free, no signup, and your text stays in your browser.
Start sub-clauses with a. or -; nest a level deeper with i. or --. Old numbering and punctuation are replaced.
Your formatted resolution appears here as you type. Not sure where to start? Load the example.
Enter your committee, the topic as your background guide words it, and the sponsors and signatories, separated by commas. Any field can stay blank.
Put each preambulatory and operative clause on its own line. Start sub-clauses with “a.” or “-”, and go one level deeper with “i.” or “--”. Leave the old numbering and punctuation in; the formatter replaces them.
Each clause is sorted by its opening phrase. The checks list anything the formatter could not recognize, any preambulatory clause that sat among the operative ones, a missing final period, and repeated opening words.
Use Copy for Docs or Word to keep the italics and underlines when you paste into Google Docs or Word, or Copy plain text for anywhere else.
A resolution is one long sentence: the committee's name, the reasons for acting, then the actions. During committee it starts as a working paper written in unmoderated caucus; once it has enough sponsors and signatories and the chair accepts it, it becomes a draft resolution that can be amended and voted on.
Committee, topic, sponsors and signatories, above the first clause. Some conferences also want a draft number or a code the dais assigns once a working paper is accepted. The body of the resolution then opens with the committee’s name followed by a comma: “The General Assembly,”.
The case for acting. Each one opens with a participle or adjective phrase such as “Recalling”, “Noting with concern” or “Bearing in mind”, and cites something concrete: an earlier resolution, a treaty, a report, a fact about the problem. They are not numbered, and each ends with a comma. Nothing in the preamble is an action, so amendments usually target the operative clauses instead.
The actions the committee is voting for. Each is numbered, opens with a present-tense verb like “Urges”, “Requests” or “Establishes”, and ends with a semicolon, except the last, which ends with a period. Good ones say who acts, what they do and, where it matters, who pays and who checks.
When an operative clause lists several parts, it ends with a colon and the parts become lettered sub-clauses (a, b, c), with roman numerals (i, ii, iii) for a further level. Each sub-clause ends with a semicolon; the last one takes the ending its parent clause would have had.
These follow the conventions most US Model UN conferences teach. Conferences do differ, so if your delegate guide or resolution template says otherwise, it wins.
Every phrase the formatter recognizes. Any of them can take a modifier in front, such as “Further”, “Also” or “Strongly”, and the formatter also accepts any “Having” + participle, like “Having reviewed”.
Participles and adjectives that give the reasons for acting.
Present-tense verbs that say what the committee does.
Pick verbs your committee can actually use. General Assembly resolutions are recommendations to member states, so most of their operative clauses “Recommend”, “Urge”, “Encourage” or “Call upon”. Under Article 25 of the UN Charter, member states agree to carry out the decisions of the Security Council, which is why “Decides” and “Demands” carry their full weight there.
The formatter fixes punctuation and order on its own. These are the things it can only point out, because fixing them means rewriting a clause.
Usually a clause that starts with its subject (“The committee should…”, “Countries must…”). Rewrite it to start with a standard phrase: “Urges Member States to…”. If the word is a real participle or verb that isn’t on the list, the formatter guesses from its ending and asks you to check.
It often happens when merging two working papers. The formatter moves it up, but read the preamble again afterwards: two blocs’ preambles often cite the same documents twice.
The whole resolution is one long sentence, and the final operative clause (or its last sub-clause) closes it. Chairs notice a missing period, especially in a draft about to go to a vote.
Three clauses in a row that start “Encourages” read as a list of wishes. Either vary the verb to match what each clause really asks for, or follow UN drafting practice and write the repeats as “Further encourages” and “Also encourages”.
Draft, negotiate and merge resolutions, with clause templates and strategy.
Working papers, draft resolutions, amendments and voting procedure, in order.
Your position paper’s proposed solutions are your first operative clauses.
Count yes, no and abstain votes on your draft and see whether it passes.
A preamble that cites the right earlier resolutions, and operative clauses that name who acts and who pays, survive questions from the dais. Model Diplomat drafts clauses and finds precedent with the sources behind each one, so you can open and check them. A free account includes 200 searches on day one, then 50 a day.