---
title: "ULFA: Assam Insurgency Explained | Model Diplomat"
description: "ULFA is the armed separatist group founded in 1979 demanding a sovereign Assam. Covers its banned status, the 2023 peace accord, and the ULFA-I splinter."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/ulfa"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The United Liberation Front of Asom is an armed separatist organisation founded in 1979 that seeks a sovereign Assam through insurgency against the Indian state.
- What is the difference between ULFA and ULFA-Independent (ULFA-I)?
- What did the 2023 ULFA peace accord achieve?
- How is ULFA distinct from the Assam Accord and the AASU?
- What role did Bhutan and Bangladesh play in countering ULFA?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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## Timeline

1. 7 April 1979

   The United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) was founded on at the Rang Ghar in Sivasagar, the historic amphitheatre of the Ahom kingdom, a setting chosen to…

2. 29 December 2023

   The pro-talks faction led by Arabinda Rajkhowa entered into a ceasefire and formal negotiations with New Delhi, culminating in a Memorandum of Settlement sig…

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Example

In December 2023, the Government of India, the Assam government, and the ULFA pro-talks faction led by Arabinda Rajkhowa signed a Memorandum of Settlement in New Delhi, formally ending that faction's armed struggle.

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