---
title: "Subsistence Farming: UPSC GS1 & GS3 Notes | Model Diplomat"
description: "Subsistence farming is cultivation for self-consumption, not sale. Covers primitive vs intensive types, MSP linkages, and why it dominates Indian smallholdings."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/subsistence-farming"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Subsistence farming is agricultural production aimed primarily at feeding the cultivator's own household, leaving little or no surplus for commercial sale.
- How does subsistence farming differ from commercial farming?
- What are the two main types of subsistence agriculture?
- Why does subsistence farming persist in India?
- Which government schemes target subsistence farmers?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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In February 2019 India's Ministry of Agriculture launched PM-KISAN, transferring ₹6,000 yearly to small and marginal farmers — the subsistence cultivators who make up about 86 per cent of the country's operational holdings.

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