---
title: "Qiyas: Analogical Reasoning in Sharia | Model Diplomat"
description: "Qiyas is analogical reasoning in Islamic jurisprudence, the fourth source of Sharia, crucial for jurists addressing new cases based on established rulings."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/qiyas"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Qiyas is analogical reasoning in Islamic jurisprudence, the fourth source of Sharia, extending a ruling from a textual case to a new case sharing the same effective cause.
- What are the four pillars (arkān) of Qiyas?
- Which schools reject Qiyas as a source of law?
- How does Qiyas differ from Ijmā'?
- Who systematised Qiyas as a formal legal method?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

Qiyas is analogical reasoning in Islamic jurisprudence, the fourth source of Sharia, extending a ruling from a textual case to a new case sharing the same effective cause.

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In 2009 the Islamic Fiqh Academy (Jeddah) used Qiyas to prohibit synthetic narcotics by analogy to the Qur'anic ban on khamr, identifying intoxication (iskār) as the shared effective cause.

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