---
title: "Principal Contradiction Definition | Model Diplomat"
description: "The principal contradiction is the dominant societal tension defining the Chinese Communist Party's central task, crucial for policy direction and reform."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/principal-contradiction"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The principal contradiction (主要矛盾) is the dominant tension within a society whose resolution determines the central task of the Chinese Communist Party at a given historical stage.
- Where does the concept of the principal contradiction originate?
- How was the principal contradiction defined under Deng Xiaoping's reform era?
- How did the 19th Congress in 2017 reformulate the principal contradiction?
- Does the new principal contradiction change China's developmental status?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

The principal contradiction (主要矛盾) is the dominant tension within a society whose resolution determines the central task of the Chinese Communist Party at a given historical stage.

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At the 19th CCP National Congress in October 2017, Xi Jinping redefined China's principal contradiction as one between unbalanced, inadequate development and the people's needs for a better life, launching the "common prosperity" agenda.

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