---
title: "Paragraphs 2-4 — Fenlunbian Definition | Model Diplomat"
description: "Fenlunbian are the three body paragraphs in a Shenlun essay, crucial for developing the central thesis in China's civil service exams."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/paragraphs-2-4"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The fenlunbian are the three body paragraphs (Paragraphs 2-4) of a Shenlun essay, each opening with one parallel sub-argument that develops and proves the central thesis.
- What internal structure should each of Paragraphs 2-4 follow?
- How do the sub-arguments relate to the central thesis?
- Why are Paragraphs 2-4 the most heavily weighted part of the essay?
- Should evidence come only from the given materials?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

The fenlunbian are the three body paragraphs (Paragraphs 2-4) of a Shenlun essay, each opening with one parallel sub-argument that develops and proves the central thesis.

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Example

In the 2023 Guokao Shenlun essay, top candidates arguing for grassroots governance structured Paragraphs 2-4 around parallel sub-points on 法治, 德治, and 自治, each opened by a declarative topic sentence.

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