Timeline
10 October 1947
The Outline Land Law of China (中国土地法大纲, Zhōngguó Tǔdìfǎ Dàgāng) was promulgated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) on , having been adopted at the National…
30 June 1950
The Outline Land Law became the template for the post-revolutionary nationwide campaign codified in the Agrarian Reform Law of , enacted after the founding o…
Positions at a glance
Supporters
The Outline Land Law became the template for the post-revolutionary nationwide campaign codified in the Agrarian Reform Law of 30 June 1950, enacted after the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, which extended land redistribution to the newly "liberated" regions of southern and central China and benefited an estimated 300 million peasants. Land reform under these successive statutes consolidated CCP rural support, destroyed the landlord class as a social force, and laid the groundwork for the subsequent collectivisation of agriculture through mutual-aid teams, cooperatives and ultimately the People's Communes of 1958. The redistributed private peasant ownership thus proved transitional, soon absorbed into collective ownership.
Opponents
The Outline Land Law of China (中国土地法大纲, Zhōngguó Tǔdìfǎ Dàgāng) was promulgated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) on 10 October 1947, having been adopted at the National Land Conference held at Xibaipo in Hebei province under the direction of Liu Shaoqi. It superseded the more moderate "May Fourth Directive" of 1946, which had merely sanctioned reduction of rent and interest, and instead mandated the outright abolition of the agrarian system of feudal and semi-feudal exploitation. Article-by-article the Law decreed the confiscation of all land belonging to landlords, ancestral shrines, temples, monasteries and schools, the cancellation of rural debts, and the equal redistribution of land to the entire village population — men, women and children alike — on a per-capita basis. It was enacted during the Chinese Civil War (1946–1949) as both a tool of social transformation and a strategy to mobilise the rural poor against the Kuomintang.
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In 1947, the CCP under Liu Shaoqi adopted the Outline Land Law at the Xibaipo conference, redistributing confiscated landlord holdings to peasants across the Communist-held base areas during the Chinese Civil War.
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