---
title: "Ninth Schedule and Judicial Review: India | Model Diplomat"
description: "The Ninth Schedule protects certain Indian laws from judicial review, but since 2007, these laws are subject to the basic structure test."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/ninth-schedule-judicial-review"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The Ninth Schedule is a list of Indian laws inserted by the First Amendment in 1951 to shield them from judicial review, now itself subject to the basic structure test.
- Are all laws in the Ninth Schedule still immune from judicial review?
- Why was the date 24 April 1973 chosen as the cut-off?
- How does a law get added to the Ninth Schedule?
- What is the difference between Article 31A and Article 31B?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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In I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu (2007), a nine-judge Supreme Court bench held that any law inserted into the Ninth Schedule after 24 April 1973 remains open to judicial review if it violates the Constitution's basic structure.

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