---
title: "Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan) 1899: Birsa Munda Revolt"
description: "The Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan) of 1899 was Birsa Munda's armed tribal revolt in Chota Nagpur against the khuntkatti land system—key GS1 modern history for UPSC."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/munda-rebellion-1899"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan) of 1899–1900 was a tribal uprising in the Chota Nagpur plateau led by Birsa Munda against British land policy, missionaries, and exploitative landlords.
- What does the term 'Ulgulan' mean and why is it significant?
- How did the Munda Rebellion influence colonial land legislation?
- How does the Munda Rebellion differ from the Santhal Hul of 1855?
- What happened to Birsa Munda after the rebellion?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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## Timeline

1. 24 December 1899

   The insurrection proper began on Christmas Eve, , when Birsa's followers attacked churches, police stations, and the property of landlords and missionaries w…

2. 9 January 1900

   The decisive military confrontation came on at Dombari Buru (Dombari Hill, near Sail Rakab), where colonial forces opened fire on a large assembly of Mundas…

3. 3 February 1900

   Birsa Munda was captured on at Jamkopai forest in Chakradharpur and died in Ranchi jail on 9 June 1900—officially of cholera, though many accounts dispute t…

4. 9 June 1900

   Birsa Munda was captured on 3 February 1900 at Jamkopai forest in Chakradharpur and died in Ranchi jail on —officially of cholera, though many accounts dispu…

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Example

In 2021, the Government of India declared Birsa Munda's birth anniversary, 15 November, as Janjatiya Gaurav Divas, commemorating the leader of the 1899 Ulgulan.

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