---
title: "Indian Ocean Dipole: Monsoon Driver Explained"
description: "The Indian Ocean Dipole affects regional rainfall and the Indian monsoon, making it crucial for climate studies and agricultural planning in India."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/indian-ocean-dipole"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The Indian Ocean Dipole is an irregular oscillation of sea-surface temperatures between the western and eastern tropical Indian Ocean that influences regional rainfall and the Indian monsoon.
- How does the Indian Ocean Dipole affect the Indian monsoon?
- What is the difference between the IOD and ENSO?
- How is the IOD measured?
- When does the IOD typically peak?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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