---
title: "Indian monsoon — Definition & Meaning | Model Diplomat"
description: "The Indian monsoon is the seasonal wind reversal that brings summer rains and winter dryness, crucial for agriculture and water resources in India."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/indian-monsoon"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The Indian monsoon is the seasonal reversal of wind direction over the Indian subcontinent that produces a rainy southwest summer phase and a dry northeast winter phase.
- What is the difference between the southwest and northeast monsoon?
- What role does the Tibetan Plateau play in the Indian monsoon?
- How does El Niño affect the Indian monsoon?
- How does IMD define a 'normal' monsoon?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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In 2023, an El Niño year, the IMD reported below-normal southwest monsoon rainfall at about 94% of the Long Period Average, prompting India to restrict non-basmati rice exports to protect domestic supply.

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