---
title: "GPAI: Global Partnership on AI Explained | Model Diplomat"
description: "GPAI is a multilateral body launched in 2020 to align AI with OECD principles. See its members, working groups, and why India chairs it for UPSC GS2 prep."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/global-partnership-artificial-intelligence"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence is a multilateral initiative, launched in June 2020, that promotes responsible AI development grounded in human rights, inclusion, and democratic values.
- Is GPAI legally binding on its members?
- Why is China not a member of GPAI?
- How does GPAI relate to the OECD?
- What is the difference between GPAI and the Bletchley AI Safety Summit?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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## Research Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) like a delegate

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## Timeline

1. 15 June 2020

   The concept matured through 2019 and was formally launched on by fifteen founding members, anchored on the OECD Recommendation on Artificial Intelligence (a…

2. 22 May 2019

   The concept matured through 2019 and was formally launched on 15 June 2020 by fifteen founding members, anchored on the OECD Recommendation on Artificial Int…

3. 14 December 2023

   India joined as a founding member in 2020 and assumed the rotating Council chair, hosting the GPAI Summit in New Delhi from 12 to , where the New Delhi Decla…

## Positions at a glance

### Supporters

The Working Groups have been organised around thematic pillars: Responsible AI, Data Governance, the Future of Work, and Innovation and Commercialisation, with Responsible AI further encompassing dedicated streams on AI and pandemic response and on climate action. Two physical Centres of Expertise support this work—one in Montréal, operated by the International Centre of Expertise in Montréal for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (CEIMIA), and one in Paris, hosted by INRIA—providing administrative and research backbone to the expert groups. In November 2023, GPAI and the OECD announced an integrated partnership designed to bring GPAI members and the OECD's AI work under a more unified framework, broadening participation to developing and emerging economies and reducing duplication between the two Paris-based structures.

### Opponents

GPAI has attracted critique on grounds familiar to multistakeholder governance. Its non-binding character means recommendations carry no compliance mechanism, leading some observers to question its practical leverage against the binding force of the EU AI Act or national legislation. The exclusion of the People's Republic of China—a consequence of the partnership's explicit grounding in democratic values and human rights—limits its claim to global coverage of AI capacity. The 2023 integration with the OECD prompted debate over whether GPAI would retain its distinct multistakeholder identity or be subsumed into an intergovernmental body where civil-society and academic voices weigh less heavily. The rapid emergence of generative AI after late 2022 also pressured GPAI to reorient work programmes faster than its annual summit cadence comfortably allowed.

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Example

India chaired the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence and hosted its annual summit in New Delhi from 12 to 14 December 2023, where members adopted the New Delhi Declaration on responsible AI.

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