---
title: "El Niño Modoki: Central Pacific Warming | Model Diplomat"
description: "El Niño Modoki causes central Pacific warming and affects Indian monsoon rainfall, making it crucial for UPSC geography and climate studies."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/el-nino-modoki"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- El Niño Modoki is a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon marked by anomalous warming in the central equatorial Pacific flanked by cooling in the eastern and western Pacific.
- How does El Niño Modoki differ from a canonical El Niño?
- Why does El Niño Modoki matter for the Indian monsoon?
- What is the El Niño Modoki Index (EMI)?
- Is El Niño Modoki the same as the Central Pacific El Niño?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

El Niño Modoki is a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon marked by anomalous warming in the central equatorial Pacific flanked by cooling in the eastern and western Pacific.

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In 2009, an El Niño Modoki event centred on the central Pacific contributed to one of India's most deficient summer monsoons, prompting drought declarations across multiple states and revised crop forecasts by the Ministry of Agriculture.

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