---
title: "Consent to Establish & Consent to Operate (CTE/CTO)"
description: "Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate are essential pollution clearances in India, required for industries to comply with environmental regulations."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/consent-to-establish-consent-to-operate"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate are the two mandatory regulatory clearances issued by State Pollution Control Boards under India's water and air pollution statutes before an industry may be built and then…
- What is the difference between Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate?
- Which authority issues CTE and CTO in India?
- How do CTE and CTO differ from Environmental Clearance?
- How long is a Consent to Operate valid?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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In 2021 the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board ordered closure of several industrial units in the Tarapur MIDC for operating without valid Consent to Operate, disconnecting their power and water supply under Section 33A of the Water Act.

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