---
title: "Breeder Reactor: Definition & India's FBR | Model Diplomat"
description: "A breeder reactor produces more fissile material than it consumes by converting U-238 or thorium. Central to India's three-stage nuclear programme and UPSC GS3."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/breeder-reactor"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes by converting fertile isotopes into fissile ones through neutron capture.
- How does a breeder reactor produce more fuel than it consumes?
- Why is the breeder reactor central to India's nuclear strategy?
- What is the difference between a breeder reactor and a converter reactor?
- Why are breeder reactors a non-proliferation concern?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes by converting fertile isotopes into fissile ones through neutron capture.

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India's Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI) began core fuel loading at the 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor at Kalpakkam in March 2024, advancing the second stage of the country's thorium-based nuclear programme.

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