---
title: "Biodiversity Hotspots of India: The Four Explained"
description: "India's biodiversity hotspots include the Western Ghats, Himalaya, Indo-Burma, and Sundaland, crucial for UPSC GS3 and global conservation efforts."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/biodiversity-hotspots-india"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Biodiversity hotspots of India are the four globally recognized Conservation International regions—the Western Ghats, the Himalaya, the Indo-Burma region, and Sundaland—whose parts fall within Indian territory.
- How many biodiversity hotspots does India have, and what are they?
- What are the two criteria for a region to qualify as a biodiversity hotspot?
- How does a biodiversity hotspot differ from a biosphere reserve?
- Why is the Western Ghats Ecologically Sensitive Area notification still unresolved?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

Biodiversity hotspots of India are the four globally recognized Conservation International regions—the Western Ghats, the Himalaya, the Indo-Burma region, and Sundaland—whose parts fall within Indian territory.

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India's Ministry of Environment reissued the draft Western Ghats Ecologically Sensitive Area notification in July 2022, proposing protection for about 56,800 sq km across six states, drawing on the 2013 Kasturirangan report.

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