---
title: "Articles 34–37: Vienna Convention Overview | Model Diplomat"
description: "Articles 34–37 define treaty obligations for third States, ensuring no rights or duties arise without consent. Essential for civil services and diplomacy."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/articles-3437"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Articles 34–37 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969) govern treaties and third States, establishing that a treaty creates neither obligations nor rights for a third State without its consent.
- What is the difference between Article 35 and Article 36 of the VCLT?
- How may a third-party obligation or right be revoked under Article 37?
- Does the pacta tertiis rule prevent treaty norms from binding non-parties at all?
- What is an 'objective regime' and is it codified in the VCLT?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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In 1932 the Permanent Court of International Justice, in the Free Zones case (France v. Switzerland), held that Switzerland could invoke a stipulation in its favour created by the 1815 powers — an early recognition of the principle later codified in VCLT Article 36.

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