---
title: "Articles 20 and 21 non-suspendable — Definition & Meaning"
description: "Articles 20 and 21 non-suspendable means these rights can't be suspended during a National Emergency, ensuring protection of life and liberty."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/articles-20-and-21-non-suspendable"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Under Article 359(1) as amended by the 44th Amendment (1978), the enforcement of Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency.
- Which amendment made Articles 20 and 21 non-suspendable during an Emergency?
- What is the difference between Article 358 and Article 359?
- How does the ADM Jabalpur case relate to this topic?
- Does Article 359 suspend Fundamental Rights themselves?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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During the 1975 Emergency, the Supreme Court in ADM Jabalpur (1976) denied habeas corpus to detenus; the 44th Amendment of 1978 ensured Articles 20 and 21 could never again be suspended.

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