---
title: "Article 19: Six Freedoms of the Constitution"
description: "Article 19 protects six freedoms for Indian citizens, making it essential for UPSC candidates and those studying constitutional rights in India."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/article-19-six-freedoms"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees citizens six freedoms—speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession—subject to reasonable restrictions.
- Why are there six freedoms in Article 19 and not seven?
- What does 'reasonable restriction' mean under Article 19?
- Who can claim the freedoms under Article 19?
- Does Article 19 protect the right to strike?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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## Research Article 19 (Protection of Six Freedoms) like a delegate

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## Timeline

1. 26 January 1950

   As originally adopted on , the article enumerated seven freedoms; the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property under Article 19(1)(f) was deleted by th…

2. 24 March 2015

   Union of India () struck down Section 66A of the Information Technology Act as a vague encroachment on 19(1)(a), holding that "public order" requires a proxi…

3. 10 January 2020

   Union of India () the Court held that indefinite internet shutdowns in Jammu and Kashmir violated 19(1)(a) and 19(1)(g) and ordered periodic review.

4. 11 May 2022

   Union of India () pending re-examination of its compatibility with 19(2), and the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 reframed the offence.

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Example

In Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (24 March 2015), the Supreme Court struck down Section 66A of the IT Act as a violation of Article 19(1)(a), holding the provision unconstitutionally vague and overbroad.

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