---
title: "103rd Amendment: EWS Reservation, 2019 | Model Diplomat"
description: "The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act (2019) provides 10% reservation for economically weaker sections, impacting India's social equity and policy landscape."
url: "https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/103rd-amendment-ews-reservation"
---

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Model Diplomat Research Team · Last reviewed June 22, 2026

TL;DR

- The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 inserted Articles 15(6) and 16(6) to enable up to ten percent reservation for economically weaker sections among citizens not covered by existing caste-based quotas.
- Does the 10% EWS quota breach the 50% reservation ceiling set in Indra Sawhney?
- Why are SC, ST and OBC candidates excluded from EWS reservation?
- Did the 103rd Amendment require ratification by state legislatures?
- What is the income ceiling for EWS eligibility?

[Civil Service & Diplomatic Exams](https://modeldiplomat.com/learn/civil-services/glossary)Updated June 22, 2026

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## Timeline

1. 12 January 2019

   The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 received presidential assent on after both Houses of Parliament passed the Constitution (One Hundred and Third…

2. 9 January 2019

   The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 received presidential assent on 12 January 2019 after both Houses of Parliament passed the Constitution (One Hun…

3. 7 November 2022

   Union of India\* on , upholding the amendment by a 3:2 majority.

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Example

In November 2022, the Supreme Court of India in Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India upheld the 103rd Amendment's 10% EWS reservation by a 3:2 majority, validating economic criteria as a standalone basis for affirmative action.

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