Sudan
Republic of the Sudan
Member of AU, Arab League, NAM.
Population
48.1M
GDP
$26.1B
Capital
Khartoum
Government
Provisional government (cont...
Power & politics
Leadership, governance, and democratic trajectory.
Democracy index
2.5 / 10
UN voting record
How Sudan votes at the UN General Assembly — ideological trajectory, voting partners, topic patterns, and key recent roll calls.
Ideological trajectory
Voting summary
No votes recorded for this period yet.
Bloc alignment
Bloc alignment data not available yet.
Top voting partners
Topic-level voting
Source: Erik Voeten, “United Nations General Assembly Voting Data”, Harvard Dataverse (CC0). Aggregated by Model Diplomat. Last refresh tracked in profile freshness.
Foreign policy
Bilateral posture, key relationships, and live diplomatic statements.
Foreign Policy
Sudan's foreign policy has been in flux since 2019, and the current civil war has further fragmented it with competing factions claiming legitimacy. Historically, Sudan balanced Arab and African identities, maintaining membership in both the Arab League and the AU. Under al-Bashir, Sudan cultivated close ties with Gulf states (particularly the UAE and Saudi Arabia), China, Russia, and Turkey.
The 2023 war has created new alignment patterns. The UAE has been accused of supporting the RSF, while Egypt and Saudi Arabia have generally backed the SAF. Russia has cultivated ties with both sides, seeking a Red Sea naval base. The United States and EU have attempted mediation but with limited leverage. The Nile water dispute with Ethiopia over the GERD adds another dimension to Sudan's complex regional positioning.
MUN Delegate Guide
Representing Sudan in Model UN during the current crisis is extremely challenging but valuable. The key question is which government you represent -- in most MUN contexts, you would represent the recognized government (SAF/Burhan). Emphasize Sudan's sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the need for a Sudanese-led resolution to the conflict.
Sudan can speak powerfully on humanitarian crises, displacement, the failures of international intervention (lessons from Darfur), and the challenges of democratic transition in militarized states. On the Nile issue, align with Egypt in opposing unilateral dam operations on transboundary rivers.
Align with the Arab Group, the African Group, and the OIC. Historically, Sudan works with Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the Gulf states. On votes, Sudan generally aligns with the Arab consensus and has supported Palestinian statehood. Be prepared for difficult questions about Darfur, the ICC warrants, and the current humanitarian catastrophe. Frame responses around sovereignty, the complexity of the situation, and the need for constructive engagement rather than punitive measures.
Treaties & memberships
UN multilateral treaty positions and IGO memberships.
International Organizations
Society & economy
Macro-economic snapshot and demographic context.
GDP (nominal)
$26.1B
GDP per capita
$540
Currency
Sudanese Pound (SDG)
HDI
0.51
Top trading partners
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