Peru
Republic of Peru
Population
34.0M
GDP
$242.0B
Capital
Lima
Government
Unitary presidential constit...
At a Glance
Human Development
0.8
HDI (0-1)
Democracy
5.7
EIU (0-10)
Press Freedom
—
RSF score
Corruption
—
TI CPI (0-100)
Innovation
—
GII score
Happiness
—
WHR (0-10)
Peru is a founding member of the United Nations and one of South America's most historically significant countries, home to the Inca Empire and the colonial Viceroyalty of Peru. It is a member of the Pacific Alliance, the Andean Community, APEC, and has an extensive network of free trade agreements.
Peru is one of the world's most biodiverse countries and a major mining producer (copper, gold, silver, zinc), making it strategically important in global commodity markets and critical minerals supply chains. The country hosts a portion of the Amazon rainforest and faces challenges balancing extractive industries with environmental protection and indigenous rights.
Peru hosted COP20 in 2014 and has been active in climate negotiations, particularly on forests and adaptation. Political instability has been a recurring challenge, with multiple presidents in recent years.
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Ask Atlas anything about PeruMUN Delegate Guide
As Peru, you have deep historical credentials and significant economic assets. Your mining output (copper, gold, lithium) makes you a key player in critical minerals and energy transition discussions. Advocate for fair resource governance, environmental standards, and benefit-sharing.
Coordinate with Pacific Alliance partners (Mexico, Colombia, Chile) on trade and with Andean Community members on regional issues. Peru's biodiversity and Amazon forests give you a strong platform on environmental governance.
Be prepared to address the Venezuelan migration crisis -- Peru is one of the largest hosts. Use this to advocate for international burden-sharing and migration governance. Peru's political instability may draw scrutiny, but focus on institutional resilience and democratic recovery.
Foreign Policy
Peru pursues a pragmatic, trade-oriented foreign policy with emphasis on free trade, investment attraction, and Pacific engagement through APEC and the Pacific Alliance. It maintains good relations with both the US and China (its top two trading partners).
Peru is an active participant in the Andean Community and CELAC, and has been engaged in addressing the Venezuelan migration crisis (hosting over 1.5 million Venezuelan migrants). Its mining sector makes it a significant voice on extractive industry governance and the energy transition.